223_Brenda-Guiled_Eggheads_created-2016.mp3

otter.ai

8.02.2024

no

Outline

Nutrition and food preferences.
• Speakers discuss their preferences for certain types of tomatoes and the nutritional benefits of eating them.

Farming, the Bible, and personal experiences.
• Speaker 1 discusses a book called "Biblical Farming" written by McAllister, which references every vegetable mentioned in the Bible and their corresponding verses.
• Speaker 2 adds to the conversation by mentioning the importance of soil quality and how it relates to the success of farming communities, citing Chris Martin's observation that good soil quality is often indicative of a thriving community.
• Speaker 1 shares their personal story of growing up on Saltspring Island and working on oil rigs in Alberta, mentioning their father's influence on their life and beliefs.
• Speaker 2 asks questions and listens to Speaker 1's experiences, showing interest and empathy.
• Speaker 1 describes a job at Alberta Game Farm where they were attacked by a grizzly bear and fell into a swamp with bales of hay.
• Speaker 1 recounts a story about a black coworker who was picked on and spit on by other workers at the same job site.

Island living, conservation work, and apex courses.
• Speaker 1 shares negative experiences with a group, while others offer support and positivity.
• Speaker 2 discusses their research on Captain America and mentions Adam Schiff joining the conversation next week.

Family history and cultural integration.
• Speaker 2 shares their experience researching the history of a farmhouse in their neighborhood, including the challenges and insights gained from the process.
• Speaker reflects on the impact of old timers and newcomers on First Nations communities.

Salish First Nations language and culture.
• Speaker 2 describes the Salish First Nations' home territory as including both land and sea, with a level of comfort and belonging that extended to their in-laws.
• The language diversity within the Salish First Nations' territory was high, with different dialects and languages spoken in different areas, and the Chausson language being one of the rare languages in the world where verbs come first.
• Speaker 2 discusses the history of the Saltspring Island community, including intermarriages with other Indigenous groups and the impact of European colonization.
• Speaker 2 mentions the importance of understanding the cultural significance of the island's beaches and shores, and how the community has been impacted by outside forces.

Ancient clam gardening and its impact on the coastline.
• Speaker 2 discusses the importance of clam gardens, mentioning their impact on the shoreline and eelgrass beds.
• John Harper provides information on the clan guarding, including the use of rocks and tides to form clamp guards.
• Speaker 2 describes how Indigenous peoples in the area used clam gardens to preserve herring for winter, using rocks to create a "title" or barrier to help the herring roll in.
• Speaker 2 also mentions that the Indigenous peoples harvested clams for food, but did not have a large carbohydrate source like grains or potatoes.

Farming, forestry, and cultural preservation.
• Speaker 2 discusses the importance of preserving the land and its history, mentioning the impact of the first settlers and the native population.
• Speaker 2 shares their personal experience with farming and the significance of sustainable practices, highlighting the importance of respecting the land and its history.

Salish Sea history and First Nations culture.
• Speaker 2 shares a story about a First Nations couple on Saltspring Island who were forced to leave their home in 1923 due to government policies.
• The speaker speculates that the couple may have been murdered, but the true story is likely more complex and involves the Indian agent selling them for $20 per year.
• First Nations in Pacific Northwest used clams and nets to preserve salmon populations for 1000 years.
• Speaker 2 describes the Indigenous people's way of life as "very different" from Western notions of civilization, with multiple families living in longhouses and a rich culture.
• The speaker notes that the Indigenous people were affected by diseases such as smallpox, measles, and tuberculosis, leading to the death of many and the blindness of others.

Native American history and culture.
• Captain Vancouver observed smallpox among Native Americans in the late 1700s, noting its prevalence and painful effects.
• Exploiters came to the region in the 1780s-1800s to extract resources, leading to the displacement of Native Americans.
• Speaker 2 discusses the history of colonization and the impact on Indigenous peoples, highlighting the exploitation of natural resources and the displacement of communities.
• Speaker 2 mentions the return of the war party and the display of heads on pikes, indicating the violence and conflict that occurred between Indigenous peoples and colonizers.
• Speaker 2 describes the interactions between white settlers and Indigenous people in Alberta, including theft and violence, and the role of "depots of compressed power" in dominating the land and its resources.
• The speaker notes that the white settlers were not averse to breaking protocols and causing conflict with the Indigenous people, despite the generosity of the local Eagles and the importance of the land to their way of life.

Early exploration and settlement of the Saanich Peninsula.
• Captain Vancouver's expedition charted the Saanich Peninsula and surrounding islands in 1854, despite challenges such as disease and limited resources.
• The crew of 100 only lost 5 members to disease and going overboard, while 20 would have died on land if they had not been on the expedition.
• Speaker 2 discusses the history of the Samson family on North Saltspring Island, including their connection to Chief Pizza and Lucy Pizza.
• Speaker 2 also mentions the SS Offer, a survey ship that arrived in Victoria in 1860, bringing gold seekers from California.

Land use and settlement in North America.
• Speaker 2 discusses the history of land use and settlement on Salt Spring Island, BC, Canada.

Land ownership and preemption on Salt Spring Island.
• Speaker 2 discusses the history of land ownership on Salt Spring Island, highlighting the importance of records and preemption.
• Speaker 2 shares their concerns about the inadequacy of records, particularly in regards to the impact of human activities on the island's landscape.
• William Camellia, a Scottish-born Hudson's Bay Company employee, is identified through colonial correspondence and First Nations names.

Salish Sea history and culture.
• Ashdown Green shared his experiences as a settler on Saltspring Island, including his efforts to connect with the First Nations community and his appreciation for the women's contributions to the island.
• The speaker discussed the language and cultural practices of the First Nations people on the island, including their use of a mix of English and native languages.
• Speaker 2 mentions a photo of their team inside a cabin with no windows, raising pigs.
• The speaker's wife, Hebei, died in May 1892, likely due to complications from a recent pregnancy.

Historical figures and their backgrounds.
• Speaker 2 discusses St. Paul's Church and its history, mentioning the grave of a woman named Mariah White and her connection to the First Nations community.
• Speaker 2 also discusses the life of Brian Malloy, a white woman who married a First Nations man and became a midwife, highlighting the complexity of race and identity in the past.

Family history and genealogy.
• Speaker 2 discusses family history, including a great-grandmother's birthplace and a sister's identity.
• George Simon and his daughter Ella went to Pennsylvania, while Fox cleared the land of 90% of the First Nations people, and Thomas bought the property in front of John.
• John Payne discusses his family history, including his Greek ancestry and his mother's psychology career.

Early settlers in a Canadian township.
• James Hector Monk, a second wave of newcomer, came from England with different intentions and money to buy land.
• Monk's background was in education, and he was different from the first wave of newcomers in terms of money, education, and intentions.
• James Fairclough bought a cabin in Fulford in 1908, which he used as a teacher at Strawberry Hill School.
• Fairclough died in 1902, and the property was sold for $5.5 million in 2022, with the southernmost point being the most valuable.
• James Monk hired Asian workers to clear land and built a house with the same lumber as his rental property.
• Inroads were made in the area due to water access and the construction of a path for cars.

Family history and farming on Saltspring Island.
• James Pachter's family dynamics and personal struggles are explored through his brother Charlie's character.
• The Monkees era was marked by hardship and loss, including the death of a son and the impact of the second and third waves of Commerce on the island.

Preserving a historic farmhouse and its impact on the community.
• Speaker 2 discusses the potential burning down of a house and the motivation behind it (insurance money).
• Speaker 2 forms a new group, the Friends of Russell Park heritage, to help with the move and remediation of the house.
• Speaker 2 discusses the potential of the old house in the park, including its use as an administrative and interpretive center.
• Speaker 2 highlights the importance of preserving the property's history and natural beauty, and mentions the possibility of expanding the park's capacity to accommodate more visitors.

Salish culture and history on Saltspring Island.
• Speaker 2 shares the meaning of "Salish" and its connection to hand gestures, while Speaker 5 discusses their experience working on the breakwater and the importance of understanding the context of historical events.
• Speaker reflects on their relationship with First Nations people on Saltspring Island, expressing gratitude for their generosity and inviting them to "come home" to help complete their community.
• Neighbors share stories of local history and verify public records to ensure accuracy.

Indigenous rights and history.
• Speakers discuss access to information requests, historic context, and using the term "Indian."
• Speaker 8 shares anecdote about Harry basketball, mentioning weekly Saturday games.

Unknown Speaker 0:02
yes

Speaker 1 0:09
you can debate that. And lots of our favorite is Roman. We love Kenny roma tomato. I

Unknown Speaker 0:23
got into it a little while later and we're getting into

Unknown Speaker 0:32
our big tree has to cross over the summer

Speaker 2 0:34
about six, I might not be forever read about what's inside and then you get animal protein with them. Because they are fertilized by a wall. Yeah, that actually so you know that well, that you're you're getting the essential animal provided amino acids and eating.

Speaker 1 0:53
Yeah, they get very busy and Julie inside the wall who goes right up the center and inside. And apparently that doesn't happen to all of them. I don't know what variety this victory is, I've inherited

Unknown Speaker 1:04
the common one. Tiny little lot, by the many inside them?

Unknown Speaker 1:10
Well, I'm going to have about six trees that

Speaker 2 1:13
I used to really love. And I have nothing against me. In fact, there's some part of my wire and

Unknown Speaker 1:24
sometimes the lights you know, the better off you are,

Speaker 2 1:27
especially when it comes to eating. But I think you should know that when people go quickly began, they will get sick because of our 23 amino acids. One that we have to get from animal energy, Ghana, vegetarian animal I always eat. So they tell me again, don't walk to restaurants because we need those

Speaker 1 1:49
things. There was a book written many, many years ago, even before I was born, so it's over 60 years old. And you can still get copies, say at radical bookstore, go there and get on the waiting list. And it's called biblical farming. And it was written by a guy called I think McAllister whose last name, I can't remember it. But what he did was he used the Bible, and went through the Bible, or every time a vegetable was referenced in the Bible. It was he was able to bring it up there. And you could see it in the book. And then and then have all the verses that was referenced, go through the Bible. I never thought that the beads but but everything that's referenced in the Bible, so it could be used to be a Bible for their own meals in there. Because

Speaker 2 2:35
they think you've been met the whole Christ. God and marry it with God and everything. And then the squat cycle came out of the D word. And that's all in theory.

Speaker 1 2:50
But it's a really good book to have. Because I love the thing is you're staring at the Mediterranean diet. When you when you look at all the foods referenced in that equity, Mediterranean diet. Though I don't know what your body's been used to for 1000s of years.

Unknown Speaker 3:10
I mean, except for soiling them.

Unknown Speaker 3:14
But you can amend it.

Speaker 2 3:17
Depending on where you live. Well, I live here Harry Burton, and I seek Am I to go out and

Unknown Speaker 3:23
go soil.

Unknown Speaker 3:25
Building soil, literally every day.

Speaker 1 3:29
There was a guy called Chris Martin, and he wrote wrote a book, he was trying to find a good place to live in North America, right. And one of the observations made while you're looking for a good place where the maple trees grew, the soil was always sweet and good. And the people who farmed around there have done really good for about the last 150 years, really have nice, bigger, good looking churches. So he basically said if you want to find a nice community to live in, always let's look at the churches. And he says where they grew oak trees and stuff like that, or, or pine trees, the soil was a lot down here are more interactive, and they didn't prosper as well. So there was no one of his observations. And you write a

Speaker 2 4:16
summary of all of the business selling shirts and you know that there's so much wisdom of the elders in that, whether one is a believer, and I was raised Christian, and I really took into my being

Speaker 1 4:34
that I don't feel the need to know I think Well, the thing is, is that,

Speaker 2 4:38
you know, the Bible was in the 1950s that I still found out through the regular

Speaker 1 4:49
Well, the people who traveled with with users over fishermen, some of them Yeah, yeah, most of them, you know, back in that time only 15% of the popular He could read and write most of the people with a good and so it wasn't written down and put into gold and gold sometime later after. So it was basically oral history being put on paper and then a little bit of

Speaker 2 5:19
luck. What if you just, you know, different things and put them into one

Speaker 1 5:28
you could have it out of my pocket already new format. I usually got I got the painting part over as soon as I walked in the door. Yeah, well, I did do a thing with my brother while my brother gave it to me because he used to be a party manager. When I left Saltspring Island when I was a kid, I went straight to Alberta and got it rather than all my friends were coming in from northern Alberta coming off the rigs and making all the money. And I wanted to have some

Unknown Speaker 6:01
faith to go Yeah, well, that's what

Speaker 1 6:03
I did. I worked on the rig for until my body started to get I got her to be my dad. Yeah. Now I don't cry all the time. It's way better than it used to be. At least you're educated. When I worked on the drilling floor for the first time in my life, they set me up. Kelly connection within the Rachael Kelly connection wasted 1000s of pounds, but it's 30 feet long, right? And here's the center's a hole. It's being pushed over to a hole. It's about pulling away right here. And as I walk on it, oh, you're just trying to wrap your belly connection. But it comes out of a hole and put it in front, you're standing there like this waiting. And as soon as it came out of that hole, right? All that weight, it was like a pendulum. And it went right into my gut and said, We fly across the floor, and you're either lying on the other side of the floor window, and they think, wow. And so I worked on today. Shoulder.

Unknown Speaker 7:10
Yeah, you know, I

Speaker 2 7:11
class back in the mid 70s. I worked at Alberta game roaming and the people that I was working with, thought that the guy the big guys were looking after the animals to protect them, or their physical state. You know, what kind of man are kind of helping me with my background. So they locked me in the grizzly bear camp for a long time. And it's funny, they send me across the field with 255 bales of hay because someone my size to feed the camels except that they felt themselves to tell me that it wasn't a field actually, it was a swamp. Yeah. And I fell in the ground in height with these bales of hay saved myself. So those are the days when those were just job sites. And what else Oh, we did there was like before I came on Windows seven prefer to hire that year, the end of July. And the guy that I was replacing, had been attacked by the LMI. He was in the hospital likely to get to support and He will direct to the rest of his life. And you know what he did? He got out at stoplights all along. And the guy two guys before that had been killed by a red pill me against chocolate. I mean, where was this house? Alberta game farm? You know those were the days and who did you complain to? Nobody. I mean, this is the way it works.

Speaker 1 8:41
Well, when I went to my my first night job I went there as a joke How do phones we have to lay with your phones on the ground? Or do the budget Yeah, yeah, well that's Yeah, yeah. Yeah, well, it was a doodle buggers is what they were industry got a newsletter called the newsletters. And so when I got to the town up in northern somewhere around Valley View, I remember and then this guy comes running up to me and goes, Are you the new health and well yeah, I just came in on the bus and goes good, I can go home now. And he was he was a black guy. Right? And he was so grateful to go home he was I'm glad you're here and you shook my hand and then and then I found out some of the guys have been picking on him and spitting on him. And they were nasty. Because I had run into them right away

Speaker 1 9:48
yeah, all I was scared of a wonderful really big guy.

Unknown Speaker 9:59
Into They're not

Unknown Speaker 10:04
good for now oh my

Unknown Speaker 10:13
god yeah so we pick the person yeah the referee

Unknown Speaker 10:22
but I did meet some really great people that saw we always remember the bad stories over the really good ones

Unknown Speaker 10:40
move on

Speaker 3 10:46
to the whole thing government to introduce

Speaker 4 11:05
new public protected members to all the people that have been here for the

Unknown Speaker 11:31
semester doesn't have to be about these

Unknown Speaker 11:36
three numbers or seven

Unknown Speaker 11:49
points

Unknown Speaker 11:57
one of the first thing was 41

Unknown Speaker 12:05
minute by the one over to distribute to the

Unknown Speaker 12:14
orphans are no different ways

Unknown Speaker 12:45
well from from March

Unknown Speaker 12:47
27 through the middle of August the only

Unknown Speaker 12:50
have nine inches of rain in my five month window that you're working

Speaker 1 13:01
on I know that it also rains 20 times this month

Speaker 1 13:16
we've always gotten that rainfall and he's always got 85% of our rainfall in five months

Unknown Speaker 13:22
and then 50% For the other staff

Unknown Speaker 13:49
you haven't already wanted to buy find a way

Speaker 1 14:05
I responded two days right on YouTube email until Wednesday at 900 Am I did respond to that by right What are you trying to find here

Unknown Speaker 14:21
okay

Unknown Speaker 14:31
how to read or why the next is possible

Unknown Speaker 14:38
after qualifying you don't have to worry

Unknown Speaker 14:47
so much

Speaker 1 14:50
knows more

Unknown Speaker 14:59
than I do I'd like to just I'll add on to that assumption.

Unknown Speaker 15:04
And when I

Unknown Speaker 15:07
realized we had members go

Unknown Speaker 15:10
out and buy a little gift that we're talking about 110 bucks and you build these and they must have a funny little gift. So we're better than humans with a whole agent, you know, anyway, the thought

Speaker 2 15:33
that automatically is everything we do on a bigger workload brought up in here. Don't go. Anywhere. We had a lovely time here to talk about

Unknown Speaker 15:47
conservation work and do some other

Unknown Speaker 15:55
things to the very

Speaker 2 16:02
top, and the other one.

Speaker 4 16:10
And then today, how to think like, that will go down as well.

Speaker 2 16:17
Okay. No sacrifice. Oh, I found fun. I've been on island living here and becoming a gorgeous destination. But we moved here about 15 years ago. I heard about the apex course. And I've met a number of you before. So it's a real privilege to do so today. Additionally, anyway, most most impressive, thank you. First of all, I have to grant my credit. But you get the feedback occasionally about this, the end of late about Adam Schiff is joining us next week. So my background is that I spent 10 years researching to write a book about Captain America, which came out in 1992 on the fly containers. And while it was still like Cuba, logistics, so the car gets towed away. Oh, my homework, and 22 I, I talked about nationally, I was looking out for concerts because I'm pretty comfortable. I've done family history. And how can I arrange that for tomorrow? And that'll get your kids? Okay, good. Yeah. It's gonna take my own money. I don't sound like family history, I've just ended up being a family Memory Keeper. It's not that I'm a genealogist at heart, I actually want to get this stuff done on the shelf and move on to other things. So I've got two of these family books in a manner that is similar to what I've done. I'm late. And this is great. This is my rough, rough draft. That was true. It was like it's kind of worn out. But it's called Russell world, the history of selfies from Spring Island. And it got started because there's an old farmhouse in myself and neighborhood that was gonna be burned down last February. And the community rightfully got into an uproar and said, wait until filming, what are we going to do? So I kind of a long standing, what are we going to do? I have an arranged for it to move out to be embarks on going well to, to rock apart. And I hope that within the next few weeks, we're not keeping up to date the building. But my thinking was that if the building comes down, we of course, want to know what we have. So I started looking into the history of the dome MK farmhouse and getting familiar with the monkey history. And then I found it on air for the neighbors and it just kind of went away. And we all know I felt free that the whole world has come to here. And the integration for diversity is really incredibly fascinating. And for any of us who do our family history, even if we're not all like partial for all the old Kansas, and in laws that we find. He's still see how we all got caught up how our forebears got caught up in a great time in history that pulls us from overall smooth and common First Nations. Were then tested. So this is a pic story, where you pick a password and one little family or whatnot is in a great context. It's a huge story. So there's a lot of general history here. as well as get a sense of time and people, if my sister read through it, she said, you know, people we're all the same, it doesn't matter what you're into the some of the talents of what goes on. It's comforting and comforting. Anyway, I will quickly get on the car is, of course, the area that we're looking at. And this is Lnf point. I'd close up all that. So I mean, we're all familiar with this. And and we have a certain way of looking at the landscape. That just goes, Oh, yeah, that's the way it is. So I hope by putting storable context into a tenant, chances are is what we're looking at when we see it. And our imaginations can fill it up with a story. So it's the impact of old timers and newcomers elements. In our car, we help living First Nations, the first settlers, settlers, and folks, because we don't see that the first nations that were here for 1000s of years, were actually knowing that when they just kind of bought into it, we have a home base. And we came along, I came to us as settlers, were the great settlers. We're still in some sort of disarray, and figuring out how this all works and where we're going. So the snatch First Nation that the wind should be under the W, just the really PowerPoint deals with this. I'm not going to try to pronounce how they say it, I have so much strength in that it's really funny when I try to speak their language. They agree. So this is what they call their their home lab and, and their home waters, it's important that we don't distinguish between the homeland and home waters, because they were equally comfortable. Of course, they lived on the land, but their highways and byways were the ocean. And what's that look around here tells you the squiggle is that within those boundaries, they were had a level of comfort that they belong, and there were beaches and and harvesting spots that were in the control of families. And their in laws could then of course, make use of those resources. But the inlaws still had to ask if it was okay, if you had a beach at that rough ballpark or Elena point, that was your family and your in laws wanted to come and harvest the plants that are you know, check out whatever go to hunting, they still have to ask there were protocol. And then outside of that loop, you wouldn't just turn up on a beach. Even if you had, if you did want to, you would have to send a posse a hair that's going from it and arrange a whole ceremony for turning up there and stuff. So this just tells you that that was including down to the states. And as far as I can watch that for the Salish First Nations, but that stuff was, you know, where it was where he could harvest some of the lessons. And I had a conversation recently about language diversity on the coast. And it tells you that they actually got along quite easily because it's a great language diversity. The people within this loop pizza, chocolate, and the people on that Corolla, Corolla, for example. People coming from other dialects with that, but their languages are quite different. And the way in which is different is that the Chausson language points burps first, it's one of the rare languages in the world and 50% of the verbs first. And they do that because they didn't have any homelab they didn't have a river, like the Fraser River or like goldstream River, the rivers with the ocean, so they're their livelihood scores. Very, very dynamic. So what makes sense rivers come first. So if languages could become that different, just moving folks from this territory to the one next door, it tells you that for the most part we can make a lot. They were the ones they wait to marry, the women tend to marry out and one day out woman that I talked with some of the Fraser River said it took her three or four years. Clearly she's an elder to learn that the child can language even though they could solve a lot of the same words. The it's like us. I don't know listening to a news nice hotel. We know what the English but and but what did you say? I didn't need to stall that long in a slide but I didn't I find that really, really fascinating. And when people say you, oh yeah, the needles are all killing each other and capitalizing and taking place. Well just be Couple linguistics alone. I don't think that was true that the disruption for an account, and it was very important to the commerce that caused some of that. So Saltspring Tron EGM. As you can see, from the search people perspective, they were looking at not from the ecolodge, there was a time up to now first good that they use the mountains both and they did not go up to the north man, that wasn't their territory. So they weren't worried about where they're going. It's about themselves by themselves, bracelets that aren't. So here we have the great pristine wilderness, on what they were here, which we assume that they've had minimal impact on, which is in fact, not true. Either point, this note to be struck right on, and that that when you're out in your canoe, and you're going around that point, you're gonna be hit by when supplies and current. And I also think I haven't checked with the elders that I know, of different shops picking elders, but I think it also means that the view is pretty spectacular. You're stuck right on, I can see from there with everything that's coming and going. And, you know, looking agree there.

Speaker 2 26:19
And then they call it over Saltspring was called 20 minutes of when it should be facing FPV. And, and, again, all of the territorial discussions going going on whether they're in 3d processes or not, it's pretty well understood that this Molten Salt Spring was was the people that there were intermarriages to callaction and up the Fraser River, but it was manage these down action, it was damage control. With low footprint Harbor, I got that from a sale elder and I don't know what that means. And he passed away a few years ago. So I've had to ask some younger elders if they know what that means. Maybe you know, at some point, that's where

Unknown Speaker 27:06
we get the beginning. Oh, absolutely. And if you could comment on that.

Speaker 2 27:14
Well, yeah, that anyway, you'll see an app that's coming up, but for sure, that's an important to very important. Thank you, Caitlin. For Isabel appointments for I'm not sure why they called it so maybe they just were on their way up to the tree with the challenge is equal to control the north and to be honest, the salt I don't know. And the ocean for salts, I don't get that. So what was it that people impacts that shores Midwest, while he could have been no master, just flip it around and make up what they found on the beaches, you think? Well, they wouldn't really have much impact at all, the way that we have to begin, I guess. And this relates to their language and the dynamic nature of the life and the verb, first way of speaking, is to get to know the Senate chair, and I'm not gonna go into that. But in their focus still, even among their society is very much on the fruits and the harvest, and the inventories and what you do throughout throughout the year. And what they did was a lot of shellfish harvesting. And that took place usually, about January, February, March, when the depending on the time, that was an activity that we did made it late at night, to the wee hours of the Delta, the cold and the rain and turn the morning, working to keep the family sad. That wasn't just keep their families fed, you can't get rid of the debt that we see without realizing that it was the industry. It was your business. And it is and the top initially up to about 1500 years ago in the stratigraphy of the minimum. They were the the archaeologists, and I guess the sole people as well as pulling up muscle. We mainly ate muscle. But dependent if there was a transition between 1500 years ago, 1000 years ago, about 1000 years ago, they started being predominantly filled with clouds. What Why is this suddenly such a changed class? If you just see weld off the lab, there's suddenly going to be a whole bunch more clamped up to make climate change. But it wasn't that at all. This is material that I've got from John Harper, who's the one who initially discovered or figured out the clan guarding this is off wrestle Island has tragically all become familiar with what class Alright, so now that you can see the, the adults would get the kids to be packing down rocks the size of the state basketball to the lowest inch of the low tide marker. And then of course, as the tide came in and out, they would Washington sand that got caught and the sound would stay up behind that grip on folders, and would form a clamp guard. So, times guards are hugely important way of sculpting the shores. They also this didn't have such an impact on the shoreline. But the eelgrass beds and this is a the field from the islands trust, your grass survey that they completed a couple of years ago. And they went all around the transparency, you know where the eelgrass beds were half. And they did that too, in large part to get the herring roll in the winter break. And they also did fish traps and the fish traps look like clam gardens except for bigger rocks, and essentially making a big title behind where the property is set up. And that's helping the fans as well as picking up the rocks. And, you know, for geologists like John Harper, he said when he first started noticing this stuff, that he knew that it wasn't the usual geological or hydrological phenomena, it couldn't be. But it took him 20 years to figure out how to get all the experts on site as well to say, yes, this was panda human. They do octopus guard as well, which I think is kind of neat, you might steal the little little Rubble stacks, just below tight timelines. So these steps are folders that are, you know, maybe 1012 feet across and six feet high. Well, hello, welcome in the box boys, this is a nice coffee, or maybe you want to have have breakfast or lunch, that right there. I should have to that with regard to the clamps when I said that it was the business. They did all of this clamp harvesting. And they made these up to a depth of some of them are, you know, six meters, because they were preserving them, they would steam them and multiply them and put them on big cool, big, I guess branches that we're trying to get into fix, done in hopes and they sold them up through the river. So they were paddling up. When they have their everything like desert, they would paddle up. And they would trade for inland stuff. So we can see like the feeling, of course, we know about drum and park and our steel guy there, that steel rock should never been moved, it was outside the caterpillar Harbor. And it was called up in the 1960s. And going out here feel awkward. But the SEC people were consulted about it. And even when it was late to jump apart, there was no consultation. So thank goodness, we're getting smarter about how to do this, not only because it's respectful, that we find out so much about who they were and what they were doing. And what mattered to them that that has mattered to us as well. This is because neighbors knocking out cameras of course. Now this is where we're getting into the how they impact the last and we all know that they harvested to the fault for their food value. And it's repeated so many times that they didn't have an it's true they didn't have a big carbohydrate source like we do in terms of grains or potatoes, etc. So they said that the countless are the carbohydrates. Well, you will find a stitch of carbohydrates in camera fall there and onion. And they're they're a sugar that's called inulin so when you carmelize your onions you're bringing out that sweetness of the of the ambulance to California are pretty new there. We have like they have to be defrosted for 12 to 18 hours and apparently there's some kind of good yeah, I want to find that out. So we've been enhancing cameras in the area's in our aerial metal kind of model that my husband very kindly fence at Bulwark 300 pounds all about that great help for the for the big stuff, but people mention yourself by Oh my god. That's his way of giving giving me flowers. I don't like flowers. So he gave me two acres of wildflowers for me to grow pretty amazing. So I told us a few weeks ago, I said, I'm going to gloat just take some of our candidate faults and roast them up. And, and no, I don't think I'm going to do that because I don't think. And I haven't seen any white cameras amongst the 1000s that we now have it for years, we've gone from about 50 cameras flowers in the spring of 2000, like the year an evening one or both are just sitting there waiting to go. So there's white ones, as you all know, you know, what is it about plants might be what might be waiting pretty isn't that nice. But this is why I didn't go harvest any of our cameras because of the depth camera. And if by chance I invest in our various little pouches, that there were some depth cameras one, I have a bite of this bulb, and I forget. So that's why they got into farming, essentially. And in order to farm them, he has declared a forest. That's what that's what what guys do. And they farm. And that's what they do. Of course, most of the forest that came down with it was your coastal Douglas fir. And we all know that they want to clear them. I gotta move on from because it's going to be huge. And we'll get to pick up that thread later about what the first settlers concept was found in terms of the land that was already cleared. And why I why I think well, I'll get to that. But they also enhance the senior gross. So the first new covers came and said, Oh, look at this verse for us. Great like the natives have touched it. While they did touch it because they did their cultural modification, they wove all kinds of things, why not their clothing, their filter canoes, but of course, they not only they did it sustainably and they did it in a way that we want to see report. So with that license, I can look at all those shakes, and shingles and see are cast just standing up for us to take them through the day, if they don't know what they've got.

Speaker 2 37:09
You know exactly what they had. They made exceptionally good use of this as a ability for people to get their lives around them. This is a photograph from the sales reserve on Saltspring. And these are the last two fully First Nations couple that were living on Saltspring. They left in the 1920s. Because you sure that the longhouse behind them was theater, and I expect that the fence was as well. So the story of why they had to leave in 1923 is that is it 20 All of the First Nations people on the Gulf Islands have to go to Spanish to the to the assessment authority had to go to Vancouver Island, they were rounded up. And they were told even if you have a reserve on the southern Gulf Islands, you cannot live there. So in 1920, it was a change to Navy and that they started to be rounded up. And the Gulf Islands were were vacated entirely of First Nations people living off as a year Free to live it was even it became difficult for them to do their their summer camping and harvesting as well. Well, Charlie exalt that his wife, Mary held up till 1923. And then they disappear. And the story is because no one could figure out what happened was that they must have been murdered. They were preparing for a Potlatch. And they're one of the canoes one of many canoes that they own was found over on Portland Island. And there was $300 in the camp there that had taken so they weren't murdered for the money. But you know, it's really funny when history or what people make up when they don't have the full story. It's so sell them the truth. And I have to catch myself on that all the time. I think what happened is the Indian agent was probably selling them for like 20 on get bucks a year. You aren't gonna live here anymore. And I suspect in March of 1920 1823, he just came to sit that's it, you're gone. That's when they come back to collect any of this stuff when they come back to tell anyone no happen. No, a they weren't allowed to be they are completely humiliated. And they were completely impoverished and thrown back into whatever his or her reserve probably is that they went to. And there's no way really to check that. Because there are steps which are reserved, but until the Indian agents records were released to the public, you can't really find that out. I'll be looking at a big change happened with efficient technology. If you look at the various ways that the first nations were fishing, they're really clever, and some of them just incredibly brilliant, as well. And so Boris in 1492 Columbus, Harvey estimates for that one quarter of the North American population lives in the Pacific Northwest. Well, if you're just getting off the land, we all know that, hey, if if the groceries truck truck stop coming to Salt Springs, we know that within a few weeks, there ain't much to eat up there elsewhere. The First Nations had a much healthier, efficient shellfish population. And there were a lot of birds. But let's face it, it's, you know, it's a paucity of animal stuff around here. But what what they did that was so brilliant, was the reason that and they figure about 1000 years, so about 1000 years ago, but they start to have clamps in them. But they also start to the population started to go crazy. And they figure it's the reason that technology that did it, and it's just a way of turning the, because the the saltwater people didn't have a big river. And like the Gulf Stream of the Fraser, they devised a net that turns the salmon runs, treated them as a river. So they were they were, you know, hurting them. And it's really neat, the front of the net, they're very careful to to let something go. And they think that the salmon is crap where they were the strongest swimmer. So they were they were letting has the strongest and the biggest catastrophe stop go so that their salmon Can't they were considered their brothers and sisters that came to us with the right to go thrive and thrive they did. The thing is they just thrive the way we pictured thriving which was the person on their own on private jump romantic stakes in each corner and the kind of wolf patrol every day to make sure that everyone understands that this little clock is ours. They live to me. This was 100 km football longhouse in the pocket and reserve which is let's see, it's north of Brentwood Bay 100 cacti. So obviously they lived in extreme families. This is very different from from certainly does the Western newcomers notion of human civilized living in the grand castles in Europe, in England, they didn't have multiple families living in them, he didn't get along well enough to do that. And then because they were so well fed as a result of their technology and their their farming practices. This is 1936 painting from sale ceremony, sales, people that have to reserve on public string, and they're one of the four amateurs nation. So they have a very rich culture. Not only their culture was so rich that and their numbers were healthy enough that they really didn't need to worry about making clay vessels and, and getting out of the Stone Age and a way of getting into battle. Because they were they were doing just absolutely fine the way they were. And this isn't to say that it wasn't all rosy. The Indians have done auto bad and auto good. And they're full spectrum people they got we got everything Kaposi st through the process fast. And you know what I mean? You know, we can't deny them that they can't make them all one thing or another. Yeah, I mean the people. But then we get to the beginning of the end, smallpox, measles, influenza, sexually transmitted diseases, dengue fever, Zika is one to five times a day a fever, the A which is malaria, tuberculosis, all these gorgeous kids were one that's probably not going to make it or doesn't make it's going to be blind. So this was interesting. I was at a talk recently that John Harper gave us in the cloud Garden City that we're doing. They're doing a stratigraphy of this. You know, getting down to the beach eventually was at one point. And in the early 1870s, the 1700s, they realized that the clouds were growing really big, and they were dying of old age. Well, if your garden went out to harvest, why aren't you harvesting them? Why are they dying of old age? Well, that's because the native people were dying of every splurge, and most particularly smallpox, but they figured that the smallpox came across as smallpox in particular, but various diseases that came up from Mexico going across the continents. Oh, under a century before the US Congress actually showed up before they show their faces because there was trade of course going across the continent and coming up from Mexico. That as the need is proceed for those of us who know you know, guns, germs and steel that that's just the usual you By the late 1700s, which is the earliest written reports that we have from the explorers, the Savior's the exploiters and they were often all a mix of excellent that some of them like Captain Vancouver was like a more pure six just have to complete the world map and and then there's ever after there's been a rush for the spoils the saviors we're gonna be more than Spaniards that were out harvesting souls and the exploiters that were coming to to their march you know to make money you know quote from Captain Vancouver this deplorable disease Smallpox is not only common but it is crazy to be apprehended is very painful amongst them as it's indelible marks was seen on many assemble had lost his sight in one eye, only most likely to zero on the effects of this fateful disorder. So that was when he was charging up the Puget Sound and coming up to these waters and

Speaker 2 46:00
navigating around and charging the maintenance using the standard charts as well getting credit for what they had charted that Cooper's mission was thought to charge islands he was charged for maintenance. So when they say that he seems to have missed a lot of islands and you missed it, right. So even if the river is that wasn't his job, he would be around the fifth coast and he was looking for the Northwest Passage and the Fraser River didn't look like the Northwest Passage. Well, don't look too far out. But besides chocolates gonna bring up anyway, the exploiters came from the 1780s on to the 1800s to extricate the car, and they did a good job of it. And I get to, I guess in fairness to First Nation was people who needed to feed their families to they were the ones that were out there getting health, so that the white guys provided the impetus for them to do that. And they didn't foresee how readily a few decades worth of dedicated teams can can wipe out species if they were extirpated. As you know that sea otters that are back on our coasts are now they came up from California, we got rid of our in 1843, Fort Victoria was set up for Governor Douglas has been working out of course, and Coover and the Astoria River and to the way that the US and the UK were working at the time, they wanted the Hudson's Bay Company to move up from Oregon Territory, to corral and so before the setup, and at 47 then you have things like this, this fabulous painting by Paul King shows and this is the song is for party. This is the return of the war party. And on their two great work canoes. They're going passport Victoria over to us going off to the what became the reserve. You can see on the I guess we're on the bow the valve on the sternum, you've got heads on pikes, I should have done that one finger. So you say Yeah, well, that just proves that they were all love reading and fighting and killing each other capitals and slavery and all that thing. Well, actually, that started that there, at least it got far worse that they always went off. You know, there's opportunities in every culture, and there's some guys that are gold. And those people over there, they've been working hard for a long time when they got locked up. Why should I bother? You know, pluck off a pretty girl, take everything they've done that's universal. But what happened with the fourth year was that they were offering all kinds of personalities, and, you know, firearms to fire waters as well that that the native people want it. So they started the northern tribes and southern one started to come and I should be careful thing tribes like using language from the time and I recognize now that we don't say that, but that's my hope of liberty that historians are careful with. So that the northern tribes of the west of the Federalists were coming forth Victoria to get their hands on some of these Deluxe goods. And they would come to Alberta often in the spring and they stay through the summer and they'd also do some some hunting and they have to eat and then they go back in the fall. And on both of those trips as well as what they were in this area and they have eat or what are they going to eat while they're gonna go to the beach, or they're going to be fishing where they really shouldn't be fishing. You saw the whole territory of the salmon defense people and they didn't take too kindly and just anybody showing up whether they were hungry or not without going through the protocol. They weren't averse to feed Because I want to ask because they were certainly generous the white guys that came they were upset because the protocols recall being broken. So the first time for example, the higher the clock you would come by and land on these beaches and strip them the local Eagles living they the local people would be upset when they go back in the fall and the same thing would happen and local people would be more upset and then the bunkers would come down in the spring and it'd be more than when they do the same thing again well there were more than skirmishes there were skirmishes this formation. There were some terrible vowels and there were some real slaughter so the white guys take a look and say, Oh, look at those Well, crazy with what they do each other without realizing that there's those us guys in the next two. So I really love this, this COVID I know this isn't strictly about l&r point, but it gives you an idea when you look at that piece of land and the shores around it, what they were seeing and what was going on. These little picketed enclosures appearing an interval for two to 300 mile like putting the foxholes in the bow was very poor for Victoria. What are they to the red band to add the celestial comforts which are woven world's glitter trinkets, tobacco a drink, which places the body for time beyond pain, to the builders, builders to the White Race everywhere, they are depots of compressed power, dominating the lamp and all that is there in nature of the the highest human type which shall shortly spring up. And overspread the wilderness causing it to women beneath its evil shapes are pretty modern, right? At 87. I think this guy was pretty astute. How did they do it? They did it with marks on paper. This is Captain Vancouver chart that I get this and was a pretty well filled in this. They spent quite a bit of time there. In part because there were other boat trips and swimming reconnaissance that was going on from first fan and from there. And then they realized oh my god, we could spend as Captain Vancouver was supposed to get the coast of North America from Southern California to the anchorage completely charted reliably in terms of the mainland in two summers. But we did treat, not very good, but arguably, and he also had to act as a diplomat, as a result of the NACA crisis on Vancouver Island did not come down. He was supposed to stay there as long as it took for them and precrisis. And he had a naturalist on board that he was supposed to let stop every place he wanted to pick plants and gather specimens. So the fact that they converted three summers for you astonishing. crew of 100. Before you name them, he only lost five of them to disease and went overboard. Have they been on land 20 of them would have died just living their lives on the streets and in the field. So quite an accomplishment. So here we are. This is the first inkling on paper of the Saanich Peninsula was the low slope dam to soul spring. So to emerge by 1854. This is a sketch that I did. This is my little personal issue. These two by thinking are public documents, but they are all controlled by universities and archives. And it would cost me 50 to $100 for the right to show you this in itself an hour to do it. So there's no place to go to chew on I love the story to shape up we're kind of a cat polar founder still kind of a blob. We got beaver point though. And Isabella point 1856 Yeah, we're starting to look like a rabbit, I think. Right? We don't have long harbor yet. And it was called Saltspring island in two words, but it was also referred to as Saltspring one word and we have an umbrella. This could have solved the whole problem of how we felt it and the age of 59 So it's all things shaping up pretty fast. And this finally, we're honing in on our little our little area. I like to set the Channel Island fever point, Elena point is quite rich in the field. Fulford harbour, Russell Island, Portland island. They were all made back then. Who was Isabella who was l&r? I haven't done that research. She was they were apparently the daughters of Officer forces 30 ships. Anyway, I you know, increasingly we consulted on that. But because of the richness of What's on the internet as public records become available to us all the opportunities to get sidetracked or events. And I take these little tangents for half the day or day in a row. For God's sake, get your focus because you got a mission here. We're getting to my mission. What were the people on l&r point? The native people? What were they seeing going by? Well, obviously, the native canoes. This is a photo that many of us are probably familiar with. And it's from the Samson family that were in North Saltspring. And what really delights me about this kind of knowing idioms, and a Knuth photo is that the woman at the front is probably

Speaker 2 55:47
let's see, Lucy pizza, who was married to handmade Samsung. And I think all this historical stuff means so much more when we could give it names and we know who their families were. She was from Connecticut Island, daughter, the chief. He went by different names. I'm not gonna say that now. Her mother was probably calling capital out of the chief capital on that cover. And then we had the SSD or was going by Illinois, and it came to our coast and back in at 1836. It was a Hudson's Bay Company that's all one of the earliest days should well be early in ship on this coast. But an early picture, nonetheless. And enough it was floating for first grade classroom came first before then Coover And fourth, we got bored Astoria and then came up to Fort Vancouver. And it was really the likes when they discovered colon denial because she couldn't keep running. And so some good great phone call and not there was she could keep dodging along indefinitely until she landed on the rocks. It was rocks and Vancouver in the 1900s. And then we have the SS offer one of the survey ships. Then, it got exciting, because this is Victoria. And the gold seekers from California who were disappointed before going to get on entirely so as you all know, they showed up here so between 1858 for the beginnings of that coming in in 1860 30,000 Victoria, so you're sitting on LMR boy, you're watching the parade go by her you white guys. My alley seems to be pointing to low scratches on paper so it's interesting. Oh boy. There are 1000s of images coming by ship after ship after ship the great comes down this is what these are restrictions on paper and let me

Unknown Speaker 57:56
look at my

Speaker 2 57:59
previous I did this because I wanted to help you just not right away. For Pete's sake anyway, um, maybe I can just told them no, I can't do I gotta put that because I will not be persuaded by technology I think No

Speaker 2 58:27
no, no, I don't know are you think doesn't that was just first you can see us good enough. It's good enough. And my kin came in the in the world starting in the 1500s to American traffic my name, which said Kyle Field anyway, in the middle, long Hi. So one language that your family must have long memories because you still say that I like it was literally just as long as we have long memory. And we want to get everybody else did have watch the GUI. It's full of all too much stuff. But the nice people in North America have come to Cali all of North America Turtle Island. And I say that we put the grid up to a lot. So whether we did the prairies or Ontario or Salt Spring or whatever, we didn't care where the watersheds were, the villages were where anything was, we just did the old Roman way of serving, which is just a grid down. And then you start to fill up all those little squares with anyone who comes that will play by the fairly easy rules providing their own British man and they could have leases for as long. So this is 1860 and the earth well 1859 Salt Spring and Chabane us were the first few places in DC that were carved up to allow prehension which is you know, you could get laughed and work for the price of working it and moving it up. A query fencing putting in the cabin. And so the Green was coming down on Saltspring Island and one of the earliest that we see that this, this happened. So by 1870, all for Pete's sake, I didn't change that one. Go away, go back. In he said before a surveyor named Dasha green came and surveyed spoke spoke Greek. And he did other much more survey on Saltspring as well. But we're honing in on LM LM point. I just love this path. So much. And this is a great spot to say thank you to to Frankie Julian and the Saltspring archives who have agreed to supply these images at no cost to go into this, this book that I've written them out sort of treasure and the work that Jillian and all the others that put this stuff out to the public. It's the gift beyond gifts. I can't say it enough. So the way in which white guys ended up taking the last time the Indians was the native people would say, Give us but we own that we control that. And my hand would come up, stay up, but I got a piece of paper was the box on it. So that makes it my paper. If you pay paper, rock scissors in terms of ownership, paper wins, and we can't we can't play it. Because it was based on paper. It's based on words. It's based on that. It all comes down to those records. This is how I started to write raffle for oil, which was to accurately plot out who all first Chrome and pre emptive work. There were other maps that existed that were less than for having done the research and the job that they did, but they weren't quite accurate. So I went back and got all of the original preemption and found them for papers that took weeks. I've been slacking out in getting clear. Some of the records I've lost and missing which is widely seen as like where we're going to on l&r point. Records are inadequate. There's a lot that irretrievable. So we all know that preemption happened previously, but my concern is that at 74. So we've made a point. And at step four, we get preemption. And all this is about by Ashdown Freeman surveyor. And it really interests me that it's this open rocks, good camera. Well, I live down there. And I can tell you there's a lot of force there. Now there's this field, there's orchards. But the forest is doing its thing it wants to, you know, go through succession and quickly and turn into coastal Douglas fir again. Why were there open rocks? This is where we get to human impacts. They were opened rocks, because these are countless fields. They were burned. They were kept open. It wasn't just that a fire went through once in a while. Oh, well. That's what happened. So l&r point, the camera, then we get Hawaiian fellow they help them Ashdown cold and Cold War and home or whatever can act the bill was also like he was he was known at then we have Douglass able Douglas for a Scottish stock, New England whaling captain. At the time that he was pre empting. There he had taken 812 Whales because I cut them out of the boat, the Salish Sea. And then he ran out of whales here so he went up to Cortes Island and set up a waiver Bay which is why it's called whale Ave. And then he moved on to Wilhelm which is still you know, thanks Captain Douglas and then the Roundhouse welcome Tyrone. It took off you didn't see like. So here we get the scriptures or paper that see for sure that that chunk of land belongs to land combat. And then to the western half. You get Joseph or John King. He was a Greek guy on his Varna, which is now on Turkey. And Douglas I spell Douglas with two s's because that's how the family still does this. So who's William camellia? Well, this is one of his cabinets from 1908. And it's it's gone up to about 20 years ago, the the footprint carbon evidence of the air was still there. Who was William camellia? He worked for the Hudson's Bay Company in the Bible. We know that for sure. I've got colonial correspondence about him. You aren't likely to work at the Nanaimo coal mines and they have a two degree garden the school was held off. He was also I believe, known as brilliant white. We can't make that connection. Absolutely. But the sheer like evidence pointing to him taking using various images and wine names, like the First Nations people here who have different names for different occasions, different people calling this William my how I first came to the coast in 1837. And then the funding program so that fits. What do we look like? We don't have any photos. This the connector wasn't very big. He was bald headed. Except for fringe and dark circles instead of giving them a wild look escape crease to the circulate the story with the with the capital. Yeah, I mean, it's kind of funny, but then I advise and be Hamilton. And thank goodness, she wrote all the history that she did. She's such she gave such a gift to Salzburg. But she still have this this notion that the Indian Charlie and connect with over these kind of funny overlaps can people so they may somewhat be learning stories of you know, and I guess they got along with my culture. So I guess they laughed appropriately too. But let's follow up comfortable with that. So Ashtown green, what he did. So now we're getting into the humans really into the human and pet he ran over a mile and a half has to connect and playing. This is another card place for a ranch. He has about four acres under cultivation, principally with Indian corn and potatoes and estimates that he did about seven acres for his claim. He that's when he was just growing his garden and just getting by, he was putting him through trees. So that was one of the earlier orchards on the on the whole island. In the community. This is what Ashdown green get and I put this in because I really appreciate the fact that particularly in the south dam, all the x's are the women that were first nations. And one of the real pleasures of writing and stuff that I'm doing is the opening chapters deal with the First Nations. The first chapter is about them on the on the island and the impacts of new commerce. And then the next chapter is dedicated entirely to the first Asian women then it's just little snippets with photographs and birth and death dates of who they were and what they contributed. And you can see how the First Nations that awake got snookered because they're women very out, which was usual, to the white band, and they still have access to their resources on Saltspring Bay for a period of more than half a century who their children and grandchildren that were half free coasters are continually called if not outright Indians. And then the next generation of half breeds that intermarry. The native people had thought that they lost Saltspring. Well, didn't work that didn't work out that way. Those folks are languish. So it's a question for you and his wife would be curling if we don't know what first name to choose from, but what language would they speak to each other? It's just the patois should look

Speaker 2 1:08:29
at great mix of English native, well, whatever worked right? And I think we all we all think about how he teleca Skookum of chocolate Bucha big deal. Hey, I was on the voters with one of the first to the first class be on the agency diverseness and then he was at a good city directory districts for corporate harbor he was he voted he was very engaged. This is just a photo from my team away inside his cabin. We don't get to this is the only photo I've ever found inside one of these little dank, dark places they often have no windows. So come may have raised easy pigs. So the question is, why was it so easy to raise pigs? You can see on this listing here he had 12 Pigs well, and some of them had a lot more trading and SpiderMan and Rambo. What was going on with the pigs they Camus bolts. For the first few years the pigs were raised. Oh, isn't that nice? Let's move into this wild place that nobody no human has has ever touched. And look at all the beautiful wildflowers that just grow by themselves and there doesn't seem to be any forest here. But so they have a few years of good pick me up the good pork needles and they sold some of them to sell those chips going by and then that was it countless who've gone before us for growing it again. And of course they did have to do clearing as well. Their notion of it agricultural land is quite different from cultivating countless vaults for centuries. Oh man, I have a daughter, very healthy. I've married a Hawaiian guy, John Kenai, a hole. And they have the property that was just just north of command property. And that's where the P di cabinets were date backwards. So that was 1883 to 1892. That couple was leaking and three, for sure for the decades that they were that they were there. That's that's where they live. We have an 8091 census report. So we got Bill home there and his wife works, etc. There's an Englishman there who was watching with the helmets but had looked cursorily into him. But he's not a particular piece of transit captures but not in terms of the story that I'm telling. Then we have couples, John Mary and their six year old son and yet living with them are the two are two Douglas kids that are actually eight to nine years old. Five, well, what were they doing there. But first of all, this was at 91 in the spring, but at 92 in May. Very Hebei a few nights home died, she was apparently very pregnant with twins. And she has the twins died. And the story was that their husbands and one of his many drunken rages had killed and and this is where she's buried. St. Paul's Church had an open harbor. So we can go by and you see her grave and they still keep bookshelves on it. It's so nice to pretend that you can give a nod to someone that you know a little bit more of your background now. And next door to the east. We have Brian Mahanoy, the famous Brian Malloy not famous in her day, but she certainly was one book written about her and any number of articles. And she became this vehicle public. And this was her whaling Captain pocket all the way all the work that you could get him as partners. To treat them, I can't say anything castigated for oil. You know, oil was one of the slaves on which we read. So we just stopped getting an animal sore. So they started having kids, they're living on this property, and

Speaker 2 1:12:42
and then she found that she didn't stay with him. And that was interesting about the First Nations woman is that they were both free or that they're different right sisters. Because if things weren't working out on the homefront, they'd go back to reserve that that topic that helps well, they were pretty, pretty liberated for the white woman that came here that didn't have any reason to have that social safety net. They may just come in. So Brian Malloy, after she left Abel Ruggles hook up with George Fisher. Now, that's a whole very interesting background here too. So this is her middle age. And this is a gathering for a wedding outside of St. Paul's Church. In St. Paul's Church, only 85 is dedicated. So this is sometime shortly thereafter, no one in this photo has been identified. And, you know, Frank, very kindly has sent me a high resolution, scan all of this and I appear with pure fear and all of that, and one of them actually pops up. So this to a historian and historian as exciting, I'm pretty sure that's why I'm applying and maybe your sister Mary is maybe very how many of p&i Colton was her sister, and maybe she's telling her to. So Ryan, George started having kids. Even the ones that survived survive, but we know that she was also a midwife. And what really interests me is a census report. In the US Census before it's from the earliest times, women if they have an occupation, like they were looking after the home that was mentioned, but in all the Canadian census reports that are available to us, which was up to 9021 Women's occupation is always decidedly not. So it can't be Mariah White had no occupation. Oh, yeah, yeah. Last night. Yeah, yeah. And now we're moving on. Who took up on the Douglas lab? Well, evil dog was sold his lab at which point the records go right. And the only way I could get those records when we go to the last branch, and DME, the lawyer paid pretty good money to find out who owes what next. So that's why I draw the line. I'm doing this whole book on my own time, and I'm gonna sell it at cost. So there's a there's a point where the budget says, I have time and interest in and support but not at the level of So papa burger family, we do know by April diversity, property and 86. And the patriarch families, George Patton, who came from this talent avaria. Google is wonderful because I can use any of their images or maps, like this view, as long as we've published less than 5000 copies of this book. So what was going on? We all have issues with the Internet. Isn't it fun to go on a drive, but if you get onto the street, you and you can drive down the street and the place that you'll never go to? I've done that in Ontario, and I saw my great grandmother's house where she was born. So I know that just drive by and Google Thank you. George public record has married a woman named Mary. They don't have a photo therapy but this is her sister Lucy also born now it could add on so that's the one that's a clue. And that's the close up of current current cooking so we can have you know, they were related so we can take very nice and open like her sister Lucy. The father burger family. There were five kids. There might have been an earlier one game, Emily. So I got way too much time in the family farm program. I cannot stress out cuz she was the one thing anyway. That stories Oh my god. Yeah, so George Simon, he so he actually didn't see the Douglas property that came into Buffy for her hands, he and his daughter, me and Ella, went off to Pennsylvania to die. And that was how Fox was the quick scourge that cleared the land of 90 plus percent of the First Nations people but TV was the ongoing glitch that really wiped out all kinds of people with all kinds of great backgrounds. And you want to grow. So Thomas bought the burger bought the property I have in front of John. But Thomas, we don't really know how much he lived there, what his impact was on the land, he may have put in some fruit trees, or may not he was a sealer. And in 1904, in the spring, he was asked even in the early spring, he was he was lost. So the first report a month after there had been no word from the ceiling. That's what was from an Oregon paper. And the daily colonists weighed in immediately and said that torn up people was just fear mongering and displaying a perfectly wonderful company and a 30 year old vessel. And that wasn't fair. It was just it was cruel and blah, blah, blah, blah. You know what nobody can call. So these are the ones that were last tossed off a burger. And you saw on the previous map that there was a kink family that lives next to home there. And they lost two of their sons. And then another young man, a lot of them was they also had some friends, that sounds so this is Jonathan persecutor holding the property. And he became the first postmaster but he was also an archer. So he had a huge impact on the lineup that we could still see his extensive orchard. He married a delicate woman. I had a job. I didn't know what this magic number was the children. They see that. I mean how many they had to have eight that we still have records of I don't know but how astonishing. Farmer orchard is postmaster King family about going back into the to the King family here. He was from Izmir spelled out which was Greek until 1920. And he was a sailor his family on merchant vessels because this generation John or Joseph Payne helped clarify his name, Greek name once but it was only going on it very, very, very first nation but she was a psychologist. She has she came into the marriage with a daughter whose father was an Irishman. And he was the fight nourishment to be sure because Emily was a real fit prior to having me comments, brochures and things I take interviews with with lots of spring archives this kind of deep breath talking Hello. And then Alexander has dropped me off because that Maria, I actually have the information on Maria until then it should check for any customer data as well. So these are the two in the middle is a off tree who is the son of the tree guy that was on the next flight to the West Point. Again for the two young fellows. This is Emma, you can tell she she she became a disc jockey, even at age 14, or father wanted to marry her off to Turkey street guide. She didn't quite fancy he was quite a bit older. So he took up, she she decided that she would be okay with marrying another Greek guy. Yummy. Yum. Yeah, yeah, that was going to John Stevens who live down the road. They're a bit older, anyway, but quite common for these young boys on whatever age to start to be married 1314.

Speaker 2 1:21:08
And, as a way if they were given a four acre strip publishing property. So when you look at the old property maps, it's kind of fun to look at where the creations were, and figure out certainly for those of us who live in something that someone is going to be able to figure out who owns what they can figure out some of the stories of who died and how they died, or some murders and what goes on town, mega second wave is in Congress. So the first wave of new Congress, we're subsistence farmers, and including orchards by which they could do more than just this. So they were starting in landscape or curving it up scarring, in one sense of its pristine state states that they thought because and then. And then the second wave of newcomers were different again, because the first newcomers came with very little money in their pockets, but they could preempt, which meant that they could get Crown land for the cost of the license, and spend anywhere from 10 to 20 years, which was averaged prove it up, and then they could buy it for $1 an acre. The second wave of newcomers were buying up these problematic purchases. So that's where it all private, and they had money to buy stuff. So they came with a different intent. And one of them are one of the more exemplary of the one of the second ones that came was James kept Hector monk. He was from England. He came from a very green area, this is a cathedral town that's a couple of miles across but very historic again. So you know, he came right from the heart of the hands of have humans touching everything changing and grooming everything for a long, long century. His father was in grad school, he ran a private school. So again, the second wave of newcomers are quite different in terms of their not only their money, or education, some of them we can be fairly certain events. And I know some people say fill it out. That's what I grew up with. I had an unfortunate one. And you know, they were the black sheep or the questionable ones of these, or country valley that has to be set up. You know, everybody here at James specter monk, I don't believe was one of those. I don't think he came with a lot of time and money. I think he actually came here because he really, really wanted to come. And this is so neat. You can I can tell passenger risk award. This passenger like so desperately for us on the day left in the account that he set up before he came to l&r point. He was a school teacher at Strawberry Hill School, which is just north Victoria. And hidden in in this neighborhood where we really have a good guy who set up their cloth cloth. I'm not sure how he did it. He bought this last week free up in the purchases last little tidbit of last on l&r point and that was a matching up to 32 acres for $32. When When else you want it it was amazing. And so this is this is where buck and Fairclough were and where the property was. So it's quite it's quite a distance to be covered. Now what is how man died in 1902 October remember Fairclough had a bead on the fact that those going goTenna gotta die. Because this is Jake, Hector and Mike so this is getting to my times obviously this is what he bought COVID 64 acres for $2,500. Still not that the property is down there with everything assessment going from 1.5 down but on the point, the southernmost point or where you want Point five to $5.5 million that were mostly holding or trying to change. holding period. This was held as cabin in 1908. When the reports go, aka go rent a teacher with a cabin for a year. And this is how James one could come and go from his job because he actually continued teaching. And this was Fulford circa 1905. You might also have gotten the data point we're not sure what he is. And I think very quickly got off the boat and the kings have been extra milk for Leon and stuff, you can't build the votes, by the time that we're done. A lot of folks trigger got around more so then now that way, because the roads you can believe were the rage of death. And then a big commute. Well, he got to the train, because he has to Victoria to the railway to Sydney right. I did work with James monk hired doctrines of sculpting and passing the last game of hired Japanese workers, and others in the neighborhood height of Chinese, but pro violence, the reason why school teachers of my age and it was an amateur photographer, and not only took these pictures of the Japanese fellows that were clearing lamp, I looked carefully at the background with the pictures we have before us was granted. So what's the thing for us, but it's not a stick, and it's growing in now, which tells you that he often rocks with, you know, because we'll leave that one quite open. Oh, the lovely thing about curl Simon introduce them, to me, is so rare to find out where the Asian workers that worked and they almost never have had names or identifiable names. I find that that's quite a treasure. So this is James have just been telling Jim, to practice what he felt he learned that he built his house at the same time. And then there's some of the same lumber as the rental house for the Alfred Marshall House a beautiful thing and one for my team of seven. And then the Daniel Henry one with brown walk across the field for one record deal with they were just at the same time. And how they as Catholics are hard to appeal to we have the this is my teanaway brand new house that will be ordered on the dad Ahmedabad. They call it first platform. So we're making inroads. I think when you look at this thesis of the Earth, it doesn't even matter so much. I mean, it's going on point but you know, if you're going through this type of history, it sharpens your eyes to what you're actually seeing. And the inroads. First of all, you have to know where the water is because of course, they settled with it with water. Depth to keep families off the burger family you got from our house, the report school and multimode. So they went from maybe water access the beaver Point Road was was a path at 74 You could walk through the woods on path. And by the early 1900s. It was that way trail cars were coming on time for the most part, not very fast forward kind of old cars. They didn't like getting stuck. So fix them. Like property and tuition of the audit they put through issue because James marks bought an orchard property including laundry for total counting. I'm not sure I've ever seen that. And I have someone who has five records but anyway, we could we could get to that. So he had a wife and two daughters, and then a son, son as an adult. And he had another daughter as well. Your daughter he had his brother Charles who has their Charlie was quite a subtype character quite quite like he never married and you know really number of creatures that was down there that never married and apparently had no interested in marrying and I can't jump to any conclusions but I really hope that will bring with it or for men who are gay and likely to be in prison that can come in our home country of residence this whole political revolution. So, James Pachter with his brother Charlie, Gemma Charlie for sale and buy stock, one catchy character middle school for three years in a ploy to watch her uncle out no matter I'm trying to help give the Russell kids like to try to do Christmas day with me guys. And I had a grandmother who died on Christmas day when I was starting to change his Christmas without. And then they hit 3030s. And in the 1930s is about a 36 photo. So you can see here and then upstairs room. So these last three adventures, we'll get into some tough time. And then the final really tough time was the great strapping six foot average son to the left, who was going to take over the orchard and all the work there. He died in maybe mental hospital. So that was really the anthem of the Monkees era. And it was such a tough time on Saltspring that farmers on Saltspring in the 90s. And number two, the nearly 164 properties, and but for the early 1930s, they were 23.

Speaker 2 1:30:59
So I work in 1941 jexbox. So as part of those two Sooke, surely COVID Old Kirby quotation mark, he came back in 1951 for the clothes because if you recall, in school, he's a tall fellow on the left girls like a fireman, the photographer and the guy on the right. This is Jim Buck was he just a year or two before he passed on, he told this fire to a woman he definitely software. And this is third wave of Commerce and the impact they had on the ramp was really no further than what the second first and second wave of WooCommerce has done. Because the tennis child title of her book about like the origin of house is about how even the cows had to fit the time short, because tennis and socializing took precedence over everything. You had your fresh cream, your butter and all those nice things for your higher end, mostly British company. But it's the caliber you get built. Because you will be social, you're having a tennis match with the caliber and their impact on the land is going to be pretty like they weren't putting any more furniture. So we haven't stopped we're grateful to the Conquerors which were from New York professional cup a couple and after they were no longer there apparently paid race to kiss their you know, my and this is this history stuff for the stocks that have it 21 Because I can't get any census reports. beyond that. And there's a lot of stuff because people are still living that you can find out and I agree with that. I noticed that about the current goings on. We had been interested in like Oman farmhouse, and it's a bit at the beginning of the report strata Corporation. And what happened was last year, last February, the house was empty and to be burned out, as I mentioned beginning to talk. And I have an idea. I guess if you're trying to do it, I could say that I grew up in Jasper National Park and my dad was a builder and my granddad was a builder and just about everything was gone. And we all know that that's the way of our world. He talked about human impacts on just about everywhere. Building past 50 years, we think we've done good. So this was you know, honey in our house that was gonna be burned down. So we got to reverse a lot now. And then I convinced PC parks that they should take about the Brooklyn Park, I'm really excited. So we're down to the wire I wanted that will actually happen. And if it doesn't happen, then those will take place in may determine or there may well be freedom for people going out and just crossed. So that whatever hey, if any of you guys are interested, we have a new group. I hadn't thought of that. Pitch. I formed a new group to the parks called the Friends of Russell Park heritage and that we're going to have volunteers who that who are going to assuming the move goes ahead to help with things like prepping the house and the grounds in order to get it moved and then remediating and then setting up on the new site building a new foundation and the blessing of the fellows that those folks are Mr. To Heritage Foundation because I talked to them want to bring in there's about a dozen who said that they would come and help building a foundation. I've got indicate with volunteering to do the excavating work. Philip Vanport and Fletcher up according to the foundation design and the engineering part of that and they're all doing this

Unknown Speaker 1:34:56
what's the motivation is burned down

Speaker 2 1:34:59
on its terms Well, the insurance that they pay us is about 1200 a year, but apparently because they're worried about it, I don't want I can't go into that. That's the holy cow. I mean, we just, I just want to turn this into something really positive so that everybody wins. And everybody looks good. And I'm afraid as the house disappears, that there's, there's going to be some lingering shadows. So I'm just gonna focus on the positive. So here we are, this is me, the little little stone out in front standing and going, what are we going to do? What are we gonna do? It does what kind of lonely doesn't meet the Parks has agreed to take it, because they'll use it as an administrative and Interpretive Center. And, you know, some people have said to me, it doesn't belong out there. Well, I'm delighted to learn that the finishing on the inside is the same as the blogger that came over to finish the next slide to the rental houses, they were close their family, not only were friends without each other, really kind of Christmas Day with each other, they exchanged gifts. So it is it is kind of it does work. And as an interpretation standard. That means that for those of us who love going out to rocket Park, and we are in the windows of the oldest struggle building the farmhouse in the 1872, Nespresso, the Brooklyn Park heritage, we can start to fix that. It will be volunteer. Yeah, that's, that's all thanks to get things done. Could be a heck of a good time. And all the guides we must be guys and some of the women that kind of help you feel stoke have coffee and cookies and savages, you know, and they're just going to be fun work parties, but we can start eventually to fix up the old building so you can do a tour. I'm going to do cleanup on twice now. And what a time capsule that was breathtaking. It could never be an interpretation central to existing rental houses could never take the traffic that this house good. And the living room in this house is absolutely perfect for gatherings of about this size. So that we can program so human impacts on l&r point of view you can't see that but anyway, I did I get a map is going on, it's gonna go up, you can see that's just all the current blocks and the hidden cables. And apparently, from our population of 10,000, based on the watts that are available, now, we've got to grow up capacity to about $25,000 25,000 people well below. So Saltspring could could using its current loss without counting any more subdivisions going on, or, you know, massive rezoning, we could get a population of 25,000 That's a whole other discussion whether we want to do that. Anyway, I just put those in. Nobody wants to see the lights in my life led so finally, here we are, this is where we're ending Thank goodness I'm going to be a little more quiet. I think that you look at this piece of property differently now. So you can see the pumpkin burger orchard which is quite extensive. You can see the little James monk orchard you can see the cane stuff you can see the little boy restrict that was the way gift. It's a story. Thank you very much.

Unknown Speaker 1:38:25
First question, for sure. Why do you the whole universe?

Speaker 2 1:38:28
Honest. Oh, and you know, you know, I just learned that we should all know that. Do you know what Salish means?

Unknown Speaker 1:38:36
I used to know that forgotten. Bayless.

Speaker 2 1:38:38
Veloz in St. Jonathan, and similar and all of it languages means ham. That means hands, because when the white guys met them, they saw these people with their hands up. They were thanking kill the great spirit guide. And they were also being grateful for the small pleasantries and gifts and whatnot that came and went. So Salish means hands. So he got with our hands off.

Unknown Speaker 1:39:04
You mentioned earlier not knowing all the stories or the backstory. You mentioned the feel wrong. Yeah. From our being a head of corporate Harvard. I've been here 40 years. Yeah, remember the early days? Working class? Yeah. For having the story. We wish we could get out.

Speaker 2 1:39:27
Oh, I have the driftwood piece to driftwood pieces. But this is good. Yeah,

Unknown Speaker 1:39:31
sorry. Assembly while he was working on the breakwater. Yeah, so the very best Yes. Wasn't selected from Harbor lightning but we're gonna acquire a whole bunch of other rock that we're about to become part of the framework. Oh my God was in charge of heavy equipment, a big cluster of things around the front of the trailer. And later when the big move and most relevant results was printed on sorry for the for the person First of all that rescue that brought me to be part of our

Speaker 2 1:40:05
breakwater, we were gone forever. And you know, yeah, thanks. That is so good to know. I've read the driftwood pieces at the time of what was going on when it was found. And then it was when it was put it at Drummond in the First Nations. I mean, they would like to have stayed where it was they it was recognizably? Yeah, I took it off because it just tethered Oh, I turned it off to

Unknown Speaker 1:40:35
go away.

Speaker 2 1:40:41
All right. as loud as I can, I'll do my best I teach karate. So I should be able to, you know, do some key eyes a little scary, all that creepy. The First Nations needed to be told, because of the disease and being rounded up off these islands. And in the book that I've written, I've got several pages of all the Whammies that were against them, and I've never had. Okay, no. It says it's on. Okay. It shouldn't be. Oh, sorry. I'll just keep shouting. Yeah, they still just needed to know. And I, you know, one of my sort of missions with the First Nations people that I know, I know, there's kind of a zeitgeist of hugging Indian, it's trend trendy, any place I lived, that hasn't been the case, I live close to the, to their reserve, and they are my neighbors. And as one of you said, rightly, that nobody lives there now. And I want to know my neighbors, I am so grateful for them that I can walk on their land. How many other 17 haircare pieces of prime waterfront can the public just drop across. Since I've come here, every few times, I've walked there, I send them a note via email or I send them a card or I dropped the gift off at the sale band office. Just to say how much I appreciate that unending generosity. They have all kinds of reasons to not thank us in the least, and not be generous, and yet they still are. So thank goodness that their profile is raising on Saltspring. And in terms of the old timers that I mentioned in the talk here and in the title, those to me are the First Nations and as one of the newest people living on Saltspring. I said to them, I'm in this very odd ball position of saying, Could you come home? Could some of you come home just to help us be complete, just to help us be who we are, and help us figure out some of these things. So that Gordon Cudmore story comes out, and their story comes out. And then it's just a richer tapestry.

Unknown Speaker 1:42:56
grouping. So for

Speaker 4 1:43:00
those that did not have Optimus Prime, put your hands up for five, six, but thank you, this is one of the reasons the Legion is having access problems after a while because people aren't paying for it because people are eating. Second, nature has a bunch of copies over here. And anyone would like to get their thoughts together. Before they do. You mentioned the stables. Yes, yeah. Relations? Yeah. Is that the students?

Speaker 2 1:43:42
Yes, that was his thing? Yes. Yeah. We're neighbors that neighbors down the way. And we got lots of streets and roads going down the roads, I should say named after him. Yeah. And there, we have a sense in this thing that I've written a lot about the students down. But I have to tell you that I write mostly based on entirely based on the public record, because I don't know anything on on my own. But I go a little light on on just the stories of lumber people I've talked to said, Well, have you been around the neighborhood and you talk to this person, you've talked to that person, I have to verify all of this stuff. So I'd love to hear the stories as part of the history, but they have to be verifiable so that I have a dozen different ways of cross referencing public records, and even one public record up in or not, we've got to back it up with every public record. So when I'm saying things about any of these families that they might say, well, I you know, I take exception to that. Well, I didn't make up the public record. This is this is my own family's done that as well. To say that, you know, you don't have any right to dig in and find out as I told one of your great great uncle from some time ago was with an army desert. twice over once who wants to really I want some California so I don't make that up. I don't like the records though. Some of us are touchy about that. Some of them are. I think we need to embrace all of humanity and everything that we are.

Unknown Speaker 1:45:15
One more question your own. Thanks, Brenda, immensely enjoyable and formed

Unknown Speaker 1:45:23
greatly appreciate the three quick pointed questions. One at

Unknown Speaker 1:45:30
some point in the future, we do consider

Unknown Speaker 1:45:31
actually leading short couple hours walking trip through many parts of donor points to choose from so people oh my gosh, girl, the nature anybody who wants to get off the land she was

Unknown Speaker 1:45:49
talking about? You can think about that.

Speaker 2 1:45:52
Oh, no. That's an atlas. Absolutely. I mean, we can go on Shana Luke gave a point where of course which Brochstein and whatnot. Historical Perspective. Yeah. And if you think I can talk to your ear about cancer for a couple hours. Okay. Well, I look forward

Unknown Speaker 1:46:06
to hearing more

Unknown Speaker 1:46:07
seconds. Until the end DNA, this is a quote from you. Sure. Maybe an agent

Unknown Speaker 1:46:15
will never know. What's the protocol or timeline on releasing reports?

Speaker 2 1:46:22
You know, I can probably get them to access to information they're federal and and I turned into something of a clean have access to information and NBC Applewhite Freedom of Information request, because sometimes that's the only way that you can get this stuff by fly for Saltspring. I have to tell you, it's all to do with rolling notebooks for the last 1516 years, but so I can do it access to information, the the millions of those thoughts growing very, very slowly, under the Harper government, they pretty much ground to a stop and they haven't really picked up because there was a big backlog. But thank you, that's a good point. I could go and start to take those out that any number of archives and including our very excellent one, but he very happy to see those people and

Unknown Speaker 1:47:08
30 drivers is not a good word. What would you suggest?

Speaker 2 1:47:13
Well, again, in the historic context, we ended up using and sometimes I use the word Indian, but that's also an historic context. They are still officially found that you're talking about anything that they're doing under the Indian Act, it's still called it's an officially meaning Aboriginal people that it's very difficult in writing this stuff I pretty well stick to First Nations I don't even do Aboriginal or indigenous much unless it's the right adjective. That's a really tough one. And of course in our own society, they're comfortable to call themselves Indians or whatever. Yeah, people Yeah, and people are good and quite often I just say you know that sometimes I just want to say that the local people we don't even say the native people because if you're born here you made it you're officially made and in this gnarly we're going to do it thank you very much

Unknown Speaker 1:48:15
I can't wait too long for that I apologize. Creation I was privileged to know Harry about twice a month and I was director of the show

Unknown Speaker 1:48:37
and you are John word of course. Yeah. What What an amazing job

Unknown Speaker 1:48:54
anyhow, if you want an anecdotal story about Harry basketball, this

Unknown Speaker 1:49:00
is quite late in this. Yeah.

Unknown Speaker 1:49:04
never marry. I'll make it as a young character some of every Saturday rain or shine.

Unknown Speaker 1:49:13
Also cell towers.

Unknown Speaker 1:49:17
Little slip

Unknown Speaker 1:49:37
they've taken off and I am

Unknown Speaker 1:49:48
ready to roll I always love just

Unknown Speaker 1:49:52
in any case.

Unknown Speaker 1:49:59
Value So this first step is quite obvious what

Unknown Speaker 1:50:14
assessment notes 447 Five. Yes, it was

Unknown Speaker 1:50:22
I'll leave my phone number on that with you in case you want anything in the way of more history on carry. Okay

Unknown Speaker 1:50:33
great yeah